# Company rule **कंपनी राज** - Canonical page: https://indianepics.online/chapter/company/ - Track: evidence - Span: 1757 CE to 1858 CE - Boundary shown: british-india-1805 (approximate unless marked traced) Plassey in 1757, Buxar in 1764 and the grant of the diwani in 1765 made a trading company the ruler of Bengal. Over the next century it fought and annexed its way across the subcontinent: large parts of Tipu's Mysore in 1792 and 1799, the Peshwa's lands in 1818, Sindh in 1843, the Punjab in 1849, Awadh in 1856. Where it did not annex it made treaties, and the princes it left in place became subordinate allies with a British Resident at court. The Company also built the instruments of the later state: a land revenue fixed in perpetuity on Bengal's zamindars, the Great Trigonometrical Survey, English-language education, railways and the telegraph. The rising of 1857 ended its rule, and in 1858 Parliament transferred its territories to the Crown. The outline is Company territory around 1805, after the defeat of Tipu Sultan and the Second Anglo-Maratha War of 1803 to 1805: Bengal, Bihar and coastal Orissa, the Ganga-Yamuna doab up to Delhi, and the Madras Presidency. It leaves out the scattered Bombay territories and the allied states. It is approximate, after Schwartzberg's plate on the expansion of British power from 1766 to 1819. ## Events (18) - 1764 CE – 1765 CE — [Battle of Buxar](https://indianepics.online/event/buxar-1764.md): Munro's Company army defeats Mir Qasim, Shuja-ud-Daula and Shah Alam II; a year later the emperor grants the Company the diwani of Bengal. - 1773 CE – 1774 CE — [The Regulating Act and Warren Hastings](https://indianepics.online/event/regulating-act-1773.md): Parliament puts the Company's Indian government under a Governor-General at Calcutta; Warren Hastings becomes the first in 1774. - 1793 CE — [The Permanent Settlement](https://indianepics.online/event/permanent-settlement-1793.md): Cornwallis fixes Bengal's land revenue in perpetuity and makes the zamindars owners of the land, whose estates are sold if they fall behind. - 1799 CE — [Fall of Srirangapatna](https://indianepics.online/event/srirangapatna-1799.md): Company and Hyderabad troops storm Tipu Sultan's island capital on 4 May; Tipu dies at the walls and Mysore is partitioned. - 1802 CE — [The Great Trigonometrical Survey begins](https://indianepics.online/event/great-arc-1802.md): On 10 April 1802 William Lambton lays a 12 km baseline near Madras, the start of the survey that mapped India and measured Everest. - 1806 CE — [The Vellore mutiny](https://indianepics.online/event/vellore-mutiny-1806.md): Sepoys in Vellore fort rise against new dress rules on 10 July and kill over a hundred British troops; Gillespie's cavalry retakes the fort by morning. - 1817 CE – 1818 CE — [The end of the Peshwa](https://indianepics.online/event/maratha-war-1818.md): After Khadki and Koregaon, Baji Rao II surrenders in June 1818; the Peshwa's lands are annexed and the Maratha confederacy ends. - 1829 CE – 1835 CE — [Sati abolished, English adopted](https://indianepics.online/event/bentinck-reforms-1829.md): Bentinck outlaws sati in Bengal in December 1829; in 1835, after Macaulay's Minute, the Company's education funds go to English-medium teaching. - 1843 CE — [Conquest of Sindh](https://indianepics.online/event/sindh-1843.md): Charles Napier defeats the Talpur amirs at Miani and Dubba near Hyderabad, and the Company annexes Sindh and the lower Indus. - 1848 CE – 1856 CE — [Lapse and annexation](https://indianepics.online/event/doctrine-of-lapse.md): Dalhousie annexes states whose rulers die without a natural heir, from Satara in 1848 to Jhansi and Nagpur in 1854, and takes Awadh in 1856. - 1849 CE — [Annexation of the Punjab](https://indianepics.online/event/punjab-annexation-1849.md): After the second Anglo-Sikh war Dalhousie annexes Ranjit Singh's kingdom on 29 March; the boy Maharaja Duleep Singh is made to give up the Koh-i-Noor. - 1853 CE – 1856 CE — [The first train, and the telegraph](https://indianepics.online/event/railway-1853.md): On 16 April 1853 the first passenger train runs 34 km from Bori Bunder to Thane; by 1856 telegraph wires link Calcutta, Agra, Bombay and Madras. - 1857 CE — [Mangal Pandey at Barrackpore](https://indianepics.online/event/barrackpore-1857.md): On 29 March sepoy Mangal Pandey of the 34th Bengal Native Infantry attacks his officers on parade; he is hanged on 8 April and his regiment disbanded. - 1857 CE – 1858 CE — [Meerut to Delhi](https://indianepics.online/event/delhi-1857.md): Sepoys rise at Meerut on 10 May and ride to Delhi to proclaim Bahadur Shah Zafar; the British retake the city in September and exile him to Rangoon. - 1857 CE — [Kanpur, 1857](https://indianepics.online/event/kanpur-1857.md): Nana Sahib's forces besiege Wheeler's entrenchment; the survivors are killed at Satichaura Ghat and the Bibighar, and Havelock retakes the city in July. - 1857 CE – 1858 CE — [Lucknow and Begum Hazrat Mahal](https://indianepics.online/event/lucknow-1857.md): Awadh rises; the British are besieged in the Residency for nearly five months while Begum Hazrat Mahal rules in her son's name until March 1858. - 1857 CE – 1858 CE — [Kunwar Singh of Jagdishpur](https://indianepics.online/event/kunwar-singh-1857.md): The aged zamindar of Jagdishpur leads the Danapur mutineers, besieges Arrah, fights across north India and dies at home in April 1858. - 1858 CE – 1859 CE — [Rani Lakshmibai and Tatya Tope](https://indianepics.online/event/lakshmibai-1858.md): Hugh Rose storms Jhansi in April 1858; the Rani and Tatya Tope seize Gwalior, where she dies fighting in June; Tope is hanged in 1859.