# Pahalgam and Operation Sindoor
**पहलगाम और ऑपरेशन सिंदूर**

- Canonical page: https://indianepics.online/event/operation-sindoor-2025/
- Chapter: [The Republic and its states](https://indianepics.online/chapter/republic.md)
- Track: evidence (archaeology and documents)
- When: 2025 CE
- Where: Baisaran meadow, Pahalgam, Jammu and Kashmir (34.003, 75.334)
- Tags: war, political

## Summary

Gunmen kill 26 people near Pahalgam on 22 April 2025; India strikes nine sites in Pakistan and Pakistan-administered Kashmir on 7 May; firing stops on 10 May.

22 अप्रैल 2025 को पहलगाम के पास बंदूकधारियों ने 26 लोगों की हत्या की; 7 मई को भारत ने पाकिस्तान और पाकिस्तान-प्रशासित कश्मीर में नौ ठिकानों पर हमला किया; 10 मई को गोलीबारी रुकी।

## Account

The dead at Baisaran were 25 Indians, among them a local pony-ride operator, and one Nepali citizen. India blamed Pakistan-based militants of the Lashkar-e-Taiba; Pakistan denied any part in the attack and called for a neutral investigation. On 23 April India held the Indus Waters Treaty of 1960 in abeyance. In the early hours of 7 May it struck what it described as nine terrorist camps, in Bahawalpur, Muridke, Muzaffarabad, Kotli, Bhimber and Sialkot. Pakistan answered with drones and missiles, India hit Pakistani air bases, and on 10 May the two directors general of military operations agreed to stop all firing and military action on land, in the air and at sea.

The Line of Control did not move. What the strikes destroyed and how many aircraft each side lost are disputed: Pakistan said it shot down six Indian jets, India's Chief of Defence Staff acknowledged unspecified losses, and India's air chief later said five Pakistani fighters and one larger aircraft were downed. US President Donald Trump said Washington mediated the halt and Pakistan thanked it; India says the two militaries agreed it directly. The treaty's suspension concerns rivers on this map: the Indus, Jhelum and Chenab, allotted largely to Pakistan in 1960, all cross Indian-administered territory before they reach Pakistan.

## Sources

- Ministry of External Affairs, Statement by Foreign Secretary on the decisions of the Cabinet Committee on Security, 23 April 2025 — https://www.mea.gov.in/speeches-statements?dtl/39442
- Al Jazeera, Pakistan calls for 'neutral' investigation into Kashmir attack (26 April 2025) — https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2025/4/26/pakistan-calls-for-neutral-investigation-into-kashmir-attack
- Ministry of External Affairs, Special Briefing on Operation Sindoor, 7 May 2025 — https://www.mea.gov.in/media-briefings.htm?dtl/39474/Transcript_of_Special_Briefing_on_OPERATION_SINDOOR_May_07_2025
- Ministry of External Affairs, Statement by Foreign Secretary, 10 May 2025 — https://www.mea.gov.in/press-releases?dtl/39488/Statement_by_Foreign_Secretary_May_10_2025
- India Today, Chief of Defence Staff on aircraft losses in Operation Sindoor (31 May 2025) — https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/chief-of-defence-staff-general-ani-chauhan-india-lost-fighter-jets-operation-sindoor-pakistan-2733656-2025-05-31
- Indian Express, IAF chief says India took down five Pakistani fighters and one large aircraft (2025) — https://indianexpress.com/article/india/operation-sindoor-iaf-pakistan-5-fighter-jets-1-large-aircraft-air-marshal-10179475/
- Reuters, Modi tells Trump India will not accept third-party mediation (18 June 2025) — https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/india-will-not-accept-third-party-mediation-relations-with-pakistan-modi-tells-2025-06-18/

## Image

Pahalgam Valley. KennyOMG, CC BY-SA 3.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0), via Wikimedia Commons: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File%3APahalgam_Valley.jpg

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